June 5, 2025 — The following was released by the Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council:

The Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council will convene June 9–11 in Honolulu to review major federal policy changes that could reshape fisheries access across the Pacific Islands, and to take final action on several critical fishery management measures. The meeting is open to the public, with participation available both in person and via Webex.

The Council will discuss recent presidential actions that may have significant implications for fisheries management and ocean resource access in the region.

Executive Order 14276 – Restoring American Seafood Competitiveness: Among other provisions, directs NOAA to review marine national monuments, including Papahānaumokuākea, Rose Atoll, and the Marianas Trench, to ensure alignment with national seafood priorities.

Executive Order 14192 – Unleashing Prosperity through Deregulation: Mandates the identification of at least 10 regulations for repeal with each new regulation issued, with the goal of minimizing regulatory burdens and encouraging efficient use of public and private funds.

Executive Order 14303 – Restoring Gold Standard Science: Directs the Office of Science and Technology Policy to issue guidance on how federal agencies must use, interpret, and communicate scientific data, with an emphasis on transparency and rigor.

The Council will consider analyses of these actions and may offer recommendations regarding their potential effects on fishing access and regulations. The public is encouraged to send in their comments.

The Council will hear from the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) on a new initiative to evaluate a potential offshore mineral lease sale near American Samoa. This follows a request from a U.S.-based company, Impossible Metals, and is the first such federal step in more than 30 years. The proposal aligns with national priorities to expand domestic access to critical minerals and reduce reliance on imports. BOEM will conduct a public review process to assess environmental impacts, geologic conditions and potential conflicts with ocean uses such as fishing.

In addition to the presidential actions, the Council will take final action to authorize electronic monitoring (EM) as a recognized data collection tool in the Hawai‘i and American Samoa longline fisheries. The EM program, currently voluntary and research-focused, would be transitioned to a formal monitoring mechanism. The Council will decide whether the program should be mandatory or optional, and how it should be funded beyond 2027, when federal support for equipment and sampling is currently set to expire.

Also on the agenda is Council review of a regulatory amendment to require crew training and a trained person on deck in these same longline fisheries. The action would expand existing protected species handling and release training requirements to crew members to reduce post-release mortality of protected species and ensure compliance with Endangered Species Act biological opinions. The Council will weigh options for recertification frequency, including annual, biennial or permanent certification.

In Hawai‘i, the Council will take final action on the annual catch limits for uku (green jobfish) in the main Hawaiian Islands for fishing years 2026 to 2029. This follows a stock assessment update that found the uku fishery is not overfished or experiencing overfishing. The Council will consider alternatives ranging from status quo to updated catch limits based on the latest assessment. It may also revisit whether in-season monitoring is practical for this fishery given challenges with data collection and reporting.

The Council will also discuss the 2024 Annual Stock Assessment and Fishery Evaluation (SAFE) Reports for its five Fishery Ecosystem Plans: Hawai‘i, American Samoa, the Marianas, the Pacific Remote Island Areas and Pelagic Fisheries. These reports include updated information on bottomfish and pelagic fisheries, ecosystem trends, fishery participation, catch and economic performance.

The second day of the meeting, Tuesday, June 10, will begin with virtual opening remarks from Eugenio Piñeiro Soler, assistant administrator for National Marine Fisheries Service, followed by a review of the marine EOs from Sam Rauch, NMFS deputy assistant administrator for regulatory programs.

How to Join

In-Person: Ala Moana Hotel, Hibiscus Ballroom (410 Atkinson St., Honolulu, HI)

Online: Join remotely via Webex: https://tinyurl.com/203CouncilMtg, Event password: CM203mtg

Get the Full Agenda & Documents: www.wpcouncil.org/event/203rd-council-meeting

FISHERS FORUM

As part of the meeting week, the Council will host a public Fishers Forum titled “From Hanapa‘a to How Much? What It Takes to Fish and Sell in Hawai‘i” on Monday, June 9, from 6 to 9 p.m. at the Ala Moana Hotel, Hibiscus Ballroom.

Fishers have shared that making a living from commercial fishing has become increasingly difficult, with only a few able to do it full-time. Yet they play a critical role in food security, feeding those who cannot fish and supporting island communities. To thrive in today’s fishing industry, one must understand more than just how to fish—costs, regulations, market shifts and environmental changes all factor in. At the forum, participants will hear directly from fishers and marketers about the real-world challenges of the business. The event will feature presentations, informational tables, giveaways and more.

March 27, 2025 — The following was released by the Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council:

“This is our food, our way of life and the management of these waters impacts our communities.”

Today, the Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council heard a report from the Pacific Islands Fisheries Group (PIFG) summarizing community meetings held in February and March. These meetings gathered fishers’ perspectives on how changing ocean conditions and policies are affecting them. A common theme emerged—fishers provide for families, yet this essential role is often overlooked.

Key Concerns

Shifts in Seasonality and Environments: Traditional fishing patterns are shifting due to changes in fish distributions, impacting fishing efficiency and reliability. “Trips in Guam that used to take two hours now take all day,” one fisher shared. In the CNMI, the ti’ao(juvenile goatfish) season has been unpredictable, while in Hawai‘i, albacore is being caught out of season.

Communities also highlighted the need for better data collection in the CNMI, which could be improved by including catches from Rota and the Northern Islands.

Shark Depredation: Increased shark interference is affecting fishers’ livelihoods. “One Kona fisherman reported losing all six ‘ahi he caught in a day to sharks,” noted Alex Min of PIFG. Some fishers observed that sharks are more frequently found near marine protected areas, leading to concerns about ecosystem balance.

The Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology Shark Lab has a shark deterrent research program. The Council is inviting HIMB to provide a report at its next meeting in June to learn if they have identified methods that could be used by fishermen to improve their catches.

The Council decision-making process is “bottom up” and recognizes the importance of ongoing community dialogue and ensuring fishers’ voices shape policy decisions. Future meetings will be held in Hawai‘i in April and in American Samoa in May, with additional follow-ups across the region in August.

Trump Administration’s Executive Orders

The Council addressed key regulatory issues in response to recent mandates issued by the Trump Administration, including the Department of Government Efficiency and Rescission of Harmful Executive Orders (EOs) and the America First Policy Directive. In particular, the Council discussed potential regulations for elimination under EO 14192, Unleashing Prosperity through Deregulation, which requires each federal agency to eliminate at least 10 existing regulations for any new regulation.

Council member Chelsa Muña, director of the Guam Department of Agriculture, criticized the restrictions, stating, “These regulations hamper our ability to manage resources we have successfully stewarded for generations.” As an example, she pointed to the proposed listing of giant clams and Guam’s ongoing aquaculture hatchery efforts. “It is ludicrous to list giant clams while we are actively working on solutions, and even more frustrating that we would need a federal permit just to outplant them in our own waters,” she added.

The Council will advise the Administration of its Endangered Species Act (ESA) concerns: proposed critical habitat designations for corals and green sea turtles; proposed giant clams listing; ESA-related measures like the oceanic whitetip shark take prohibition, where the population is projected to increase; and recognition of indigenous cultural harvest of green sea turtles. The Council will request a review of these issues within the Administration’s policy framework and EOs. Council members supported efforts to rescind or revise unnecessary regulations, aligning with the Administration’s focus on reducing regulatory burdens.

March 26, 2025 — The following was released by the Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council:

At the Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council meeting today, discussions on electronic monitoring (EM) in longline fisheries in Hawai‘i and American Samoa focused on cost allocation, funding strategies and economic viability.

The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) confirmed it will cover $4 million in upfront EM program costs, separate from the estimated $2.4 million in annual expenses. This contrasts with the $7 million spent annually on the human observer program. While NMFS will fund server replacements and data storage, industry could be responsible for replacing EM systems at $10,000 per vessel every three years.

American Samoa Vice Chair Archie Soliai questioned whether NMFS would commit to cost-sharing beyond three years. Council Executive Director Kitty Simonds urged NMFS to seek funding from NOAA Headquarters, arguing that federally mandated monitoring costs should not fall on industry. “If the federal government requires monitoring under the Endangered Species Act and Marine Mammal Protection Act, it needs to pay for it, regardless of whether the Council initiates its implementation,” Simonds stated. “We have been suggesting EM since 2002.”

The Council’s Advisory Panel (AP) vice chairs also highlighted the financial strain on the fleets. Nate Ilaoa (American Samoa) said, “It’s not an exaggeration to say we could face total economic collapse in American Samoa. The fleet ensures our seat at management bodies like the Council and tuna commission.” The AP supported reconsidering regulations to help sustain the industry.

Gil Kuali‘i (Hawai‘i) noted the industry prefers EM over observers. “If EM is the gold standard, this is a win for everyone. Our island fisheries are not subsidized, and the fleet shouldn’t be absorbing these costs. EM is more cost-effective.”

Following deliberations, the Council decided that NMFS should cover all EM costs, including administrative and sampling expenses, emphasizing that EM is intended to monitor protected species interactions, particularly as human observer coverage declines. The Council requested analyses on how different ways to implement an EM program could reduce regulatory and financial burdens.

American Samoa members called for support from the federal government for the territory’s longline fishing industry. Vice Chair Soliai pointed to restrictive federal policies limiting fleet growth and commercial fishing access, calling for congressional action to address these barriers. Council members also discussed disaster relief options under the Magnuson-Stevens Act, citing declining catch rates, rising costs and foreign fishing pressure. “We don’t want to give our fish to the Chinese just to buy it back from them,” said Council Chair Will Sword, raising concerns about unregulated foreign activity in U.S. federal waters.

Action Item Outcomes

• The Council recommended a U.S. catch limit of 393.4 metric tons of striped marlin for 2025–2027 in the Pacific Ocean, with a 381.5 metric ton retention limit for Hawai‘i longline vessels. Catch limits for 2026 and 2027 may be adjusted if the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission modifies the U.S. catch limit.
• The Council recommended setting an annual catch limit of 401,020 pounds for uku(gray jobfish/blue-green snapper) caught in the main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) from 2026 to 2029, with a 36% risk of overfishing. As an accountability measure (AM), the Council recommended implementing a post-season adjustment, reducing the following year’s quota if the three-year average catch exceeds the limit.
• For MHI deepwater shrimp and precious corals, the Council recommended keeping current catch limits in place through 2028 (see table). These fisheries have low harvest levels. The 2022-2023 average catch for deepwater shrimp was 19,287 pounds. The associated post-season AM is similar to the one for uku.

The Council meeting continues tomorrow Wednesday, March 26, 2025, with a status update on national marine sanctuaries in the Western Pacific region, a report on fishing community meetings in the Mariana Islands and Big Island of Hawai‘i, and fishing initiatives in Guam and the CNMI.

In-Person: Hilton Hawaiian Village, Coral Ballroom (2005 Kālia Rd, Honolulu, HI)

Online: Join remotely via web conference: https://tinyurl.com/202CouncilMtg

Agenda & Documents: www.wpcouncil.org/event/202nd-council-meeting

March 17, 2025 — The following was released by the Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council:

The Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council’s Scientific and Statistical Committee (SSC) met this week and reviewed protected species management in the region’s fisheries. Discussions underscored the growing influence of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) and Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) in regulating fisheries, often overshadowing the Magnuson-Stevens Act (MSA), the primary federal law governing U.S. fisheries.

Council staff provided an update on the ongoing efforts of the Council’s protected species program, emphasizing the mandates for addressing interactions between fisheries and protected species. Staff highlighted past successes in reducing these interactions through innovative gear mitigation measures and technology transfer.

The Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) shared updates on the status of false killer whale stocks, including the final 2023 stock assessment report and outcomes from a 2024 survey. Based on updated assumptions about data uncertainties, the removal limit for the stock has been revised upward from 33 to 36 individuals. This is the number of individuals that could be removed from the stock to maintain optimal stock size.

The SSC raised concerns about disparities in how protected species assessments are reviewed compared to fish stock assessments under the Western Pacific Stock Assessment Review process. Unlike fish stocks, marine mammal assessments lack a standardized peer review process. As one SSC member noted, “Assessments of sea turtles undergo extensive review, including input from SSC members, but marine mammal assessments are not subjected to the same level of scrutiny. This inconsistency raises important questions about the reliability and transparency of the data.”

With new ESA and MMPA regulations on the horizon, including critical habitat designations for corals and green sea turtles and the proposed listing of giant clams, the SSC discussed the potential challenges these changes could present to fishing communities and ongoing projects of territorial governments. The committee also expressed concerns about declining observer coverage and the shift toward electronic monitoring, which may impact data collection used for serious injury and mortality estimates.

SSC Strategic Planning

As part of their ongoing commitment to the MSA process, SSC members discussed ways to improve their statutory advisory role. The committee is evaluating its processes to ensure it provides effective and relevant advice to the Council. This effort includes planning eight special projects for 2025, focusing on both the science and social dimensions of fisheries management. An overarching theme was the integration of community needs with the best available scientific information.

One focus area is determining whether bottomfish should be managed within a complex or if indicator species would offer a more practical alternative. The committee is also working to integrate social, ecological, economic and environmental considerations into its recommendations.

The SSC is also exploring alternative methods to assess the risks fisheries pose to protected species, as well as continuing to evaluate the potential impacts of large closed areas on fisheries across the region. Progress on these special projects will be reported at SSC meetings scheduled for June, September and December.

The SSC meeting agenda and documents can be found atwww.wpcouncil.org/event/155ssc-meeting. The SSC provides advice to the Council, which will meet March 25-27, 2025, at the Hilton Hawaiian Village in Honolulu, www.wpcouncil.org/event/202nd-council-meeting.

Scientific and Statistical Committee: James Lynch (chair); Debra Cabrera (University of Guam); Frank Camacho (University of Guam); Courtney Carothers (University of Alaska Fairbanks); Milani Chaloupka (University of Queensland); Cathy Dichmont (Cathy Dichmont Consulting); Erik Franklin (University of Hawai‘i); Shelton Harley (Fisheries Consultant); Jason Helyer (Hawai‘i Div. of Aquatic Resources); Ray Hilborn (University of Washington); Alister Hunt (Finology); Dave Itano (Fisheries Consultant); Keena Leon Guerrero (Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Div. of Fish & Wildlife); Domingo Ochavillo (American Samoa Dept. of Marine & Wildlife Resources); Graham Pilling (The Pacific Community); Jim Roberts (Anemone Consulting); Justin Suca (University of Hawai‘i); Robin Waples (University of Washington); Charles Littnan (ex-officio) (National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center).

March 14, 2025 — The following was released by the Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council:

The Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council’s Scientific and Statistical Committee (SSC) met this week to address key issues on electronic monitoring (EM) implementation in longline fisheries. EM uses camera systems to monitor fishing activity onboard vessels while at sea. Discussions centered on EM sampling strategies, funding uncertainties and socioeconomic impacts on Hawai‘iand American Samoa fisheries. An EM program is envisioned to be the primary at-sea monitoring and data collection mechanism for the 150 and 11 active vessels in the Hawai‘i and American Samoa longline fisheries, respectively.

Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) staff outlined an EM sampling design to determine estimates of rare events, such as protected species interactions. SSC members discussed the advantages and challenges of EM compared to human observers and how reduced observer coverage could be addressed. “While the immediate focus might be to implement an EM program, it is critical to think about where you want the program to be in 10 years and to plan for that now in the design phase,” said SSC member Dr. Shelton Harley. “A good example of this is ensuring that EM data are easily integrated with other data sources, such as logbooks and vessel monitoring data.” The SSC will advise the Council and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) on technical aspects of EM implementation through a working group it recommended.

Pacific Islands Regional Office (PIRO) staff reported NMFS plans to phase in EM from this year through 2027, using available funding. However, budget constraints are expected to reduce human observer coverage. The transition plan envisions outfitting all Hawai‘i and American Samoa vessels with EM camera systems by 2027, with immediate outreach to vessel owners and operators. 

The SSC reviewed economic analyses outlining potential cost savings and challenges. PIRO noted the industry may need to share some EM costs, including camera system replacements every three years. SSC members raised concerns about the financial burden on vessel owners and the uncertainty of long-term funding. “These fisheries already operate on slim profit margins,” said SSC member Dr. Alister Hunt. “The federal agency is presumably saving costs by shifting from observers to EM, which is a good thing—so why place that burden on fishermen?”

The Western Pacific Region has long maintained NMFS should cover monitoring costs primarily intended for protected species estimation. The SSC recommended analyses on regulatory burdens and costs to fisheries be provided in June 2025 to inform Council decisions.

SSC members emphasized the importance of early industry engagement, cost transparency and evaluating EM’s effectiveness in replacing at-sea human observers. Discussions will continue as the Council works toward a proposed amendment, with initial action expected in June 2025.

EM Background

The Council first discussed the EM concept in 2002, before it became a widely used cost-effective fisheries monitoring tool. Longline fisheries have historically relied on human observers, with a 20% target coverage rate. Internationally, longline fisheries are required to have 5% observer coverage. In December 2024, the Council directed an action team to develop an amendment authorizing EM on all vessels, primarily for protected species monitoring. The action team has since drafted potential alternatives for the Council’s June 2025 meeting, including vessel assignments during the phase-in period.

Catch Limits for Uku, Precious Corals and Deepwater Shrimp

The SSC also provided recommendations on catch limits for several Council-managed Hawaiian fisheries to ensure sustainable harvest levels.

For uku (gray jobfish/blue-green snapper) in the main Hawaiian Islands (MHI), the SSC recommended a catch limit of 408,957 pounds for the 2026-2029 fishing years. This recommendation is based on the latest scientific assessment, which found the stock is healthy but cautioned that catching at this level could gradually reduce fish populations. To help prevent overfishing, the SSC advised keeping a three-year review process to adjust future limits if needed.

For MHI precious corals and deepwater shrimp, the SSC recommended keeping current catch limits in place through 2028 (see table). These fisheries have low harvest levels, but experts noted that if new fishers entered and began harvesting large amounts, it could affect long-term sustainability. The 2022-2023 average catch for deepwater shrimp was 19,287 pounds. The SSC also urged PIFSC to provide updated assessments of these fisheries to ensure the latest science is used to guide future management decisions.

The SSC meeting agenda and documents can be found atwww.wpcouncil.org/event/155ssc-meeting. The SSC provides advice to the Council, which will meet March 25-27, 2025, at the Hilton Hawaiian Village in Honolulu, www.wpcouncil.org/event/202nd-council-meeting.

Scientific and Statistical Committee: James Lynch (chair); Debra Cabrera (University of Guam); Frank Camacho (University of Guam); Courtney Carothers (University of Alaska Fairbanks); Milani Chaloupka (University of Queensland); Cathy Dichmont (Cathy Dichmont Consulting); Erik Franklin (University of Hawai‘i); Shelton Harley (Fisheries Consultant); Jason Helyer (Hawai‘i Div. of Aquatic Resources); Ray Hilborn (University of Washington); Alister Hunt (Finology); Dave Itano (Fisheries Consultant);  Keena Leon Guerrero (Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Div. of Fish & Wildlife); Domingo Ochavillo (American Samoa Dept. of Marine & Wildlife Resources); Graham Pilling (The Pacific Community); Jim Roberts (Anemone Consulting); Justin Suca (University of Hawai‘i); Robin Waples (University of Washington); Charles Littnan (ex-officio) (National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center).