Chinook Salmon Archives - Saving Seafood

Anglers Catch Salmon for Science as Tracking Reveals Risks Facing Adult Fall Chinook

December 2, 2025 — Many thousands of fall-run Chinook salmon migrated beneath the Golden Gate Bridge into the upper Sacramento River to spawn this fall. About 100 of the adult fish carried small tags that signaled their location as they went.

A monitoring network tracked the fish, showing their progress online in real time as part of a joint project by scientists at NOAA Fisheries and UC Santa Cruz. They followed adult salmon through the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta into Central Valley Rivers and their tributaries. The scientists want to know what affects salmon survival and how many fish reach their spawning grounds.

“Are the salmon burning too much energy, and what factors affect this?” asked Miles Daniels, who leads the project for NOAA Fisheries’ Southwest Fisheries Science Center. The center operates a research laboratory adjacent to UC Santa Cruz, focusing on salmon. Adult salmon need cold water; they may stop if they hit water that is too warm. Since they do not eat on the way back upriver, delays could deplete the energy they need to complete their migration and spawn.

The research is funded by California’s State Water Board to learn more about how water temperatures influence the salmon that support valuable commercial and recreational fisheries. Officials are interested in whether water can be managed to benefit fish while still supplying Central Valley farms with irrigation water. Irrigation is vital to the production of billions of dollars worth of produce and other agricultural products every year.

Fall Chinook salmon are among today’s most abundant California salmon and have long formed the backbone of West Coast salmon fisheries. However, low numbers of returning salmon have closed California ocean waters to most recreational and all commercial salmon fishing for the last 3 years.

Read the full article at NOAA Fisheries

ALASKA: Study probes environmental drivers of salmon bycatch in Alaska pollock fishery

December 1, 2025 — NOAA Fisheries scientists are examining how ocean conditions influence Chinook and chum salmon bycatch in the eastern Bering Sea pollock fishery, one of the world’s largest seafood harvests. The new study, led by researchers at the Alaska Fisheries Science Center and partner institutions, analyzes more than a decade of observer data to identify environmental factors linked to salmon encounters.

Alaska’s pollock fleet lands more than 2 billion pounds annually, but unintentional salmon catch remains a longstanding management concern, particularly for western Alaska Chinook and chum stocks that have declined sharply in recent years. These salmon are important to regional communities and vulnerable to bycatch because their migration routes overlap with pollock fishing grounds. NOAA and the industry have implemented multiple avoidance measures, but managers say a clearer understanding of what drives bycatch is needed.

“This is an issue that’s the subject of ongoing discussions at North Pacific Fishery Management Council meetings,” said lead author and fisheries biologist Lukas DeFilippo. “There’s limited information available on how environmental factors affect bycatch, which could potentially be useful for informing ongoing scientific and policy discussions.”

Read the full article at National Fisherman

CALIFORNIA: California reintroducing salmon by planting 350,000 spring-run Chinook eggs above dam

October 31, 2025 — The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) plans to inject 350,000 Chinook salmon eggs into the North Yuba River this fall as the state government looks for new ways to help struggling salmon populations recover.

This is the second year CDFW has taken this approach, collecting eggs fertilized at the Feather River Fish Hatchery in Oroville and then hydraulically injecting them into the river’s gravel substrate in November.

Read the full article at SeafoodSource

Chinook salmon immune systems impacted by acute heat

October 16, 2025 — Fisheries researchers have concluded that Chinook salmon in shallow streams in western Canada will be impacted in the coming years by the frequency, duration, and intensity of heatwaves.

When salmonids encounter high water temperatures, it may increase their susceptibility to infectious disease, according to the research published by the University of Waterloo, in Ontario, Canada, and Yellow Island Aquaculture Ltd. on Quadra Island, British Columbia, in the online journal Elsevier.

Their research has found that the disproportionate changes in temperature for three consecutive days or longer have risen in recent years and are expected to continue increasing globally in the coming decades.

Heatwaves result in several downstream consequences, including increased water temperatures in shallow streams and rivers, and there is a strong positive correlation between daily water and air temperature. Shallow rivers are particularly susceptible to temperature fluctuations. For every 1 °C increase in air temperature, stream temperature correspondingly rises approximately 0.4–0.6°C.

Read the full article at the National Fisherman

ALASKA: Ex-vessel value of 2025 Bristol Bay salmon harvest rated at $215.3 M

September 30, 2025 — Bristol Bay sockeye salmon harvests of 41.5 million fish for 2025 exceeded the forecast by 18 percent, and with catches of Chinook, chum, and coho salmon, put the season’s exvessel harvest value at $215.3 million.

That total was 7 percent above the 20-year average of $200.7 million, and those prices may not include incentives for icing, bleeding, floating, or production bonuses, the Alaska Department of Fish and Game said in the annual Bristol Bay season summary released on Sept. 25.

Bristol Bay Regional Seafood Development Association officials, who are already planning their 2026 marketing campaign, said that the average weight of the drift gillnet caught red salmon was 5.1 pounds.

The overall nationwide demand for all Alaska salmon has been upbeat.

Read the full article at the the National Fisherman

Chinook salmon in the Skagit River delta are rebounding, study finds

September 29, 2025 — A new study has found that restoration in the Skagit River delta has successfully affected its population of Chinook salmon.

Puget Sound Chinook are federally listed as endangered. It’s a species that is limited by habitat, particularly by a lack of rearing areas for juveniles.

Many restoration projects both large and small have been undertaken throughout the delta in the past few decades, totaling an area of about 630 acres. They have met with varying degrees of success. Those include restoration in areas such as Fir Island Farms, Milltown and Wiley Slough.

Read the full article at The Seattle Times

Salmon and steelhead extinction threshold science, and the ocean fish of northeast Oregon

August 21, 2025 — The Nez Perce Tribe and its collaborators will try to eke out a few more years’ survival for Tucannon River Chinook.

“But,” Jay Hesse says, “we also had to ask: What about all the other populations? So in 2021, we started modeling quasi-extinction for all the Snake River spring/summer Chinook and steelhead populations listed under the Endangered Species Act. The results are giving us a better picture of real conditions, and a stronger case for the urgency of action.”

Mr. Hesse is the director of Biological Services for the Nez Perce Department of Fisheries Resources Management.

Some years ago, federal scientists at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries developed the “quasi-extinction threshold,” which the NOAA uses in planning.

For Snake River Chinook salmon and steelhead, the threshold is fewer than 50 adult fish in a population returning from the ocean for four consecutive years. Below that floor, the population’s continued existence can no longer be scientifically assumed or predicted. It is an emergency signal, flashing red and near black.

The Nez Perce Tribe is applying this science to management of populations below or near the extinction threshold, as well as to public education and long-term science.

Nez Perce Fisheries provided me two maps from its upcoming extinction threshold report for Snake River spring/summer Chinook, and steelhead, updated through 2024 fish returns. These maps show some of the findings, but much else in it will deserve attention.

Read the full article at the Alaska Beacon

ALASKA: Alaska salmon harvest tops to 129 million fish

August 15, 2025 — Alaska’s 2025 commercial salmon harvest reached over 129 million fish through Aug. 12, with sockeye, keta and coho catches appearing on pace to reach total annual projections.

Those projected 2025 harvests would add up to 214.6 million salmon, including over 138 million pink, 52.9 million sockeye, 20.8 million keta, 2.3 million coho and 144,000 kings.

Data compiled by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game showed the statewide pink harvest at 62.3 million fish, followed by 51.3 million sockeyes, 14.5 million chum, 888,000 coho and 150,000 king salmon.

Read the full article at the National Fisherman

ALASKA: Indigenous leaders, scientists, and policy makers call for bold actions to address Yukon River salmon crisis

August 5, 2025 — Tribes should be allowed to harvest the same number of Yukon River chinook salmon that trawlers scoop up in the Bering Sea as bycatch, and an independent review is needed to better manage the salmon crisis on Alaska’s longest river. These are just two of the recommendations outlined in a recent policy brief that looks at near-term strategies for addressing the crisis on the Yukon.

Doug DeMaster, a retired biologist who spent nearly two decades with the top federal fisheries agency, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), co-authored the brief published in the journal Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (AAAR).

“What we tried to do in this brief is put together a document that identifies what’s needed, what’s wanted, and tries to do it in a way that’s easily amenable to Congress, and politicians, and both state and federal agencies,” DeMaster said.

The two-page document was assembled by a mix of tribal leaders, scientists, and policy makers. It boils down potential factors driving crashes for both chinook and chum salmon on the Yukon River. Among them: bycatch and ecosystem changes in the Bering Sea driven by the pollock fishery, warmer water temperatures, competition with hatchery salmon, the Area M intercept fishery, and increasing rates of parasitic infection in Yukon River chinook.

Read the full article at KYUK

CALIFORNIA: First salmon in nearly 100 years found in Northern California river

July 30, 2025 — An endangered species has returned to its Northern California river habitat for the first time in almost a century, wildlife officials said.

Winter-run chinook salmon — one of nine species considered to be most at risk of extinction by NOAA — have been listed under the Endangered Species Act since 1994. But new concerns for the species came to light after California’s historic statewide drought between 2012 and 2016, when the fish all but vanished from the McCloud River, which flows through Siskiyou and Shasta counties.