Science Center for Marine Fisheries Archives - Page 2 of 8

Science Center for Marine Fisheries Seeking New Members to Continue Support for Groundbreaking Scientific Research

October 14, 2025 — The following was released by the Science Center for Marine Fisheries:

The fishing industry depends on timely, relevant scientific research to function. It is at the heart of many of the challenges currently facing the industry, from ensuring that fishery managers are accurately setting catch levels, to knowing how climate change is impacting the health and life cycles of fish stocks, or developing new technologies to address problems such as bycatch.

Since its founding, the Science Center for Marine Fisheries (SCEMFIS) has sought to work with the industry to address these issues with its own cutting-edge, breakthrough research. The Center is now looking to expand that partnership and is seeking new members of the finfish and shellfish industries to join and support the latest critical marine science.

SCEMFIS is a unique partnership between the industry and marine researchers. It is one of the centers that make up the National Science Foundation’s Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers program, and the only one to focus on fisheries and ocean sciences. IUCRCs bring together businesses and other stakeholders with academics in related fields to collaborate on relevant research projects, fill gaps in scientific knowledge, and utilize the results of completed research to fill industry needs.

As part of its mission, SCEMFIS scientists and its industry partners meet twice each year to identify the industry’s scientific priorities, and fund the research projects that best address them. For 2025, the Center and its partners funded $495,000 in research. Over the last five years, the Center has funded over $1.6 million in finfish and shellfish research.

This funding has supported key issues facing finfish and shellfish fisheries. On climate change, researchers have thoroughly and repeatedly documented how changing temperatures in the Northwest Atlantic have shifted the habitats of Atlantic surfclam and ocean quahog, influenced the maximum size of Atlantic surfclams, and caused ocean quahogs to grow and mature quicker; these impacts all have long-term implications for how the species are managed.

SCEMFIS research has helped improve fisheries management for several finfish and shellfish species. Studies by Center researchers have looked at how to deal with scientific uncertainty when managing economically important species like Atlantic surfclam and menhaden. They have devised new and innovative methods to age and estimate the populations of species including ocean quahog, other shellfish, and Atlantic menhaden. These projects have all benefited the Center’s industry partners by giving fisheries managers a more accurate picture of the age and size of the fish populations they are managing, leading to more sustainable fisheries and better management.

Researchers have updated the fecundity and maturity schedule for Atlantic menhaden, explored food web relationships of Gulf menhaden predators, and developed an internet-based data portal for Gulf menhaden fisheries independent survey.

SCEMFIS-funded research has invested in improving fishing technology, with researchers focusing on updating clam dredges and other shellfish gear. Researchers have also documented the economic impacts of commercially important fisheries like summer flounder, scup, and longfin squid, highlighting the contributions member industries make to their regional economies.

SCEMFIS has also contributed to the emerging science on offshore wind power, particularly on its interactions with nearby fish populations and existing fisheries. SCEMFIS-funded research has highlighted how wind development may interact with important oceanographic features.

Another vital part of SCEMFIS’ mission is supporting the next generation of marine science researchers. Each year, SCEMFIS’ academic partners sponsor undergraduate internships and graduate student fellowships. These internships and fellowships give students valuable hands-on research experience, and helps them further their careers in academia, fisheries science, and fisheries management.

All of this research is made possible through the support of our industry partners. By joining SCEMFIS, your business will directly benefit from the breakthroughs produced by the research of SCEMFIS academics, and you will have a direct say in which research priorities are funded. Partnering with SCEMFIS allows for low overhead costs, letting most of your contributions go to directly support scientific research. A healthy industry and sustainable fisheries depend on good research, and SCEMFIS membership is one of the best ways to support it.

If your business is interested in joining SCEMFIS, please contact either our Chair, Joe Myers, our Vice Chair, Greg DiDomenico, or either of our Directors, Dr. Eric Powell or Dr. Roger Mann, to learn more about the benefits of membership.
About SCEMFIS
The Science Center for Marine Fisheries (SCEMFIS) brings together academic and industry expertise to address urgent scientific challenges facing sustainable fisheries. Through advanced methods, analytical tools, and collaborative research, SCEMFIS works to reduce uncertainty in stock assessments and improve the long-term sustainability of key marine resources.

SCEMFIS is an Industry-University Cooperative Research Center supported by the National Science Foundation. Industry organizations join SCEMFIS through an Industry Membership Agreement with one of the center’s site universities and contribute both financial support and valuable expertise to help shape research priorities.

Its university partners include the University of Southern Mississippi (lead institution) and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science at the College of William and Mary. The center also collaborates with scientists from a broad network of institutions, including Old Dominion University, Rutgers University, the University of Massachusetts-Dartmouth, the University of Maryland, and the University of Rhode Island. These researchers bring deep expertise in finfish, shellfish, and marine mammal science.

Demand for SCEMFIS’s services continues to grow, driven by the fishing industry’s need for responsive, science-based support. The center provides timely access to expert input on stock assessment issues, participates in working groups, and conducts targeted studies that lead to better data collection, improved survey design, and more accurate modeling-all in service of sustainable, science-driven fishery management.

Mississippi study of predator fish diets could alter fisheries management strategies for key commercial species

July 30, 2025 — A new study conducted by the University of Southern Mississippi has revealed more details of the diets of common predators in the Gulf of Mexico – currently referred to as the Gulf of America by the U.S. government – and the findings and methodology could impact fisheries management of key commercial species.

The study, funded by the Science Center for Marine Fisheries (SCEMFIS), combined both extensive existing data and new stable isotope analysis to determine what common predators in the Gulf eat. The study – which was summarized in a video on the SCEMFIS YouTube channel – looked at more than 30 different predator species and used hundreds of published stomach content studies dating back to the 1950s.

Read the full article at SeafoodSource

What Do Gulf Predators Really Eat? Groundbreaking Study Finds Menhaden Play a Smaller Role Than Expected

July 30, 2025 — The following was released by the Science Center for Marine Fisheries:

What do some of the Gulf of America’s most iconic predator fish really eat? Scientists at the University of Southern Mississippi are moving closer to answering that question with a groundbreaking new study that delivers some of the most detailed insights to date on the Gulf food web. To do this they’ve combined two powerful approaches: cutting-edge stable isotope analysis and an extensive meta-analysis of hundreds of published stomach content studies dating back to the 1950s.

Despite the ecological and commercial importance of species like red drum, summer flounder, and spotted sea trout, our understanding of their interactions with prey species has been limited. This new research challenges long-standing assumptions, most notably the idea that Gulf menhaden is a primary food source for these key predators.

Funded by the Science Center for Marine Fisheries (SCEMFIS), a member of the National Science Foundation’s Industry–University Cooperative Research Center program, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of the Gulf food web and charts the trophic interactions that structure it. The findings have fishery management implications for several of the species evaluated in the study. Most notably, Gulf menhaden was not found to be a primary food source for any of the predator species studied.

“We looked at some 30-plus predator species, many of them exceptionally well-studied. We did not find any single species where we would say Gulf menhaden was the most important fish in their diet,” said Dr. Robert Leaf, one of the authors of the study and Director of the School of Ocean Science and Engineering at the University of Southern Mississippi.

“When you look at the information that we have, what we find is that Gulf menhaden are a prey item—certainly they play a role in the trophic dynamics of predators—but not to the extent of other prey items, which are also very important—in fact, more important,” Dr. Leaf continued.

Traditionally, determining what predators eat has been limited to analyzing samples of their stomach contents. This provides information about what predators have eaten recently, but it offers only a limited snapshot and does not reveal long-term dietary patterns or prey availability. To bridge this gap, the study incorporates new data, developed from analyzing stable isotope levels taken from predator tissue samples.

Stable isotopes are heavier forms of elements, like carbon and nitrogen, that are present in all species and at all points in the food web. Because these isotopes do not decay, they accumulate in predator species in different proportions, depending on the diet of the predator. By analyzing the levels of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in predator species, the study authors are able to determine what types of diet sources the predators generally rely on, as well as what trophic level they predominantly feed on. This technique offers a much broader view of predator diets than stomach content analysis alone.

“When an animal eats a prey item, there is a differential uptake in the carbon and the nitrogen,” said Dr. Kevin Dillon, another author of the study and an Associate Professor at the University of Southern Mississippi’s Gulf Coast Research Laboratory. “So we can measure those small differences to try to piece this together and look at each organism’s trophic position within that food web. So we’re able to tell from a fish’s isotopic signature whether the fish was eating phytoplankton or if it was eating another fish that had eaten phytoplankton.”

The study pairs the data from the stable isotope analysis with a meta-analysis of hundreds of previously published stomach content databases dating back to the 1950s. Integrating the two data sources into a single modeling framework provides clearer insight into the role of low-trophic-level species in the Gulf. The scientists found that species like red drum, summer flounder, and spotted sea trout are general, opportunistic feeders that do not rely solely on a single prey species. Instead, their diets vary depending on factors such as seasons, prey availability, and other climatic conditions.

Species like Gulf menhaden are important parts of the diet, but there is no single prey species that these predators overwhelmingly rely on. There is no “most important” prey species in the Gulf.

While this study focused on the Gulf ecosystem and food web, its insights may have broader relevance for similar species and predator–prey dynamics in other regions. On the East Coast, for instance, Atlantic menhaden play a role comparable to their Gulf counterparts, serving as forage for many similar predators—including striped bass, summer flounder, weakfish, and bluefish—which are also common in the northern Gulf of America. While additional research is needed, the Mid-Atlantic ecosystem likely exhibits similarly complex trophic dynamics and variability in predator diets.

8-Minute Video Brings the Science to Life
An eight-minute YouTube video released alongside the study features Dr. Robert Leaf and Dr. Kevin Dillon explaining how their team used stable isotope analysis and decades of stomach content data to map the Gulf’s complex food web. Viewers will see the inside of the university’s isotope lab, close-up footage of the specialized equipment used to analyze predator tissue samples, and field scenes from the Mississippi coast where the research team collected specimens.

Dr. Leaf and Dr. Dillon walk through how their findings overturn long-held assumptions about the role of Gulf menhaden in predator diets—revealing instead a diverse, seasonally shifting prey base that includes crabs, shrimp, anchovies, and Atlantic croaker. They demonstrate how isotopic tracers such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15 help identify what predators eat over time and how high they sit in the food web.

Also featured is graduate student Calvin Chee, who offers a field-level perspective and personal observations about the Gulf’s biodiversity. Together, the scientists describe how combining isotope data with traditional stomach content analysis provides a more complete, long-term view of predator–prey interactions.

About the Methodology
Around the world, scientists have increasingly turned to this emerging method of combining stable isotope analysis (SIA) and stomach content analysis (SCA) to better understand what animals eat. Stomach content analysis provides a direct but short-term snapshot of recently ingested prey, while stable isotope ratios in muscle tissue reflect assimilated diet over longer time frames. When used together, the two methods offer complementary perspectives on trophic relationships across seasons, habitats, and life stages.

This dual approach has now been used successfully in ecosystems around the globe from tropical rivers to polar seas, including nine species in the Eastern Adriatic Sea, coral reef groupers in Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, and Nile perch in East Africa’s Lake Victoria.

No such combined study has been conducted involving menhaden species in U.S. waters—until now.

Note on Naming: The body of water traditionally known as the Gulf of Mexico has been renamed “Gulf of America” within U.S. federal usage, following Executive Order 14172 issued earlier this year. As of early 2025, U.S. agencies, including the Coast Guard, and major platforms like Google Maps, Apple Maps, etc. (for U.S. users) have adopted the new name in compliance.

US research center announces funding for stock management, clam aging, and other seafood projects

July 15, 2025 — The Science Center for Marine Fisheries (SCEMFIS), a U.S. research center, has announced nearly USD 500,000 (EUR 429,000) in funding for new finfish and shellfish research projects.

At the organization’s annual spring meeting, SCEMFIS announced USD 218,531 (EUR 187,300) in new funding, adding to the USD 277,000 (EUR 237,400) which the organization dedicated to groundbreaking finfish and shellfish research at the beginning of the year.

Read the full article at SeafoodSource

Science Center for Marine Fisheries Approves Additional $218,000 in Finfish and Shellfish Research

July 14, 2025 — The following was released by the Science Center for Marine Fisheries:

At its annual spring meeting, the Science Center for Marine Fisheries (SCEMFIS) approved $218,531 in funding for new finfish and shellfish research projects. These new projects are in addition to the $277,000 in research funding that the Center approved at the start of the year and continue the Center’s commitment to identifying and supporting groundbreaking finfish and shellfish research.

SCEMFIS, part of the National Science Foundation’s Industry/University Cooperative Research Center program, is a collaborative project between the fishing industry and leading finfish and shellfish researchers. The projects funded by SCEMFIS at their biannual meetings have been identified by the Center’s fishing industry partners as improving both our understanding of these species, and the sustainable management of the fisheries that depend on them.

Additional projects funded for 2025 include developing new ways to model and predict the varying growth of surfclam populations; improving the current assessment model used for shortfin squid; using computer modeling to more quickly and efficiently age surfclams; providing a complete picture of the mineral and nutritional profile of Atlantic surfclams and ocean quahogs; and determining to what extent predator and prey species abundance affect each other in the Gulf of America.The following new research projects were funded by SCEMFIS:

Development of a model for the prediction of the temporal and geographic variability in Atlantic surfclam growth:
Atlantic surfclams vary greatly in size across regions and over time. This variability has traditionally presented challenges for fisheries management, which imposes size-based fishing limits to control harvests. As a result, being able to predict this variability more accurately has been identified as one of the best ways to improve surfclam management. This project, by Dr. Eric Powell of the University of Southern Mississippi, will build on previously funded SCEMFIS surfclam projects that studied surf clam growth; the project will use temperature and other data that strongly correlate with surfclam growth, combined with other growth data, as part of a model that will be used to estimate growth rates across regions. ($48,890 in funding)
Advancement of a new approach for assessing shortfin squid:
Shortfin squid is a commercially important fish stock that supports a critical fishery. Despite this, there has not been a stock assessment of the species that has passed peer review. Fisheries managers have had a difficult time determining the stock status due to an inability to estimate factors such as fishing mortality, biomass, and ecological reference points. This project, from Drs. Michael Wilberg and Geneviève Nesslage of the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, will analyze and refine available shortfin squid data that has been collected from fishery and non-fishery sources, and examine factors such as life history, catch distribution, and catch per unit of effort. The refined data will be prepared for use in the model eventually used for the shortfin squid assessment. ($55,629 in funding)
Employing computer vision in clam age estimation:
SCEMFIS has supported several significant shellfish research projects, particularly projects that have provided better understanding of the age structure of ocean quahog. These projects have helped improve the management of the fishery and confirmed the overall sustainability of the resource. In advance of the upcoming stock assessment, a representative sample of 800 quahogs will need to be aged for use in the assessment model. Traditionally a time- and labor-intensive task, this project, from Drs. Roger Mann and Miranda Lv at the Virginia Institute for Marine Sciences, will use a computer vision model to more quickly and accurately age shellfish samples of both surfclams and ocean quahogs. The model will be trained on existing images of already-aged clams, which will then be used in an algorithm to age future shellfish samples. ($27,869 in funding)
Comprehensive Analysis of Iodine and Essential Mineral Content in Mid-Atlantic Clam Products:
This project, conducted by Dr. Stella Volpe of Virginia Tech, will conduct an essential mineral content analysis of Atlantic surfclams and ocean quahogs, building a nutritional profile of minerals such as iodine, zinc, selenium, copper, iron, and magnesium. This is important both to promote the nutritional value of surfclams and quahogs, and because these minerals are often lacking in the average American diet, with some groups, like pregnant women, at particular risk for deficiencies such as iodine. The project will collect representative samples of Atlantic surfclams and ocean quahogs from across the Atlantic coast, categorize them according to factors such as origins, size, and other variables, and use mass spectrometry to get a full breakdown of the mineral profile of the samples. ($45,000 in funding)
Data-driven inference of population dynamics of recreationally-targeted stocks in the GOA:
The populations of both predator and prey species are influenced by the extent and the dynamics of how they interact. This project, from Dr. Robert Leaf at the University of Southern Mississippi, will develop a model to determine to what extent prey abundance is responsible for predator abundance in the northern portion of the Gulf of America. The model will focus specifically on the dynamics between commercially important predator and prey species, such as red drum, spotted sea trout, and Gulf menhaden. The model will include environmental and biological data, and will analyze variables such as harvest levels, the relative abundance of each species, weight, and other environmental factors in determining the extent of the relationship between the predator and prey species. ($41,143 in funding)

Science Center for Marine Fisheries Announces $277,857 in Research Funding for 2025

February 18, 2025 — The following was released by the Science Center for Marine Fisheries:

The Science Center for Marine Fisheries is continuing its mission funding critical shellfish and finfish research, approving $277,857 in funding for 2025. The five new projects funded by the Center will address research priorities that have been identified by members of the fishing industry, broadening our understanding of commercially important species and improving the efficiency and effectiveness of vital regional fisheries.

A project of the National Science Foundation’s Industry-University Cooperative Research Centers program, SCEMFIS brings together leading researchers in the marine science community with participants in the fishing industry to support innovative fisheries research projects that will support the continued sustainability of their fisheries.

The research funded this year focuses on several new designs for dredge equipment to improve the efficiency of surfclam fishing vessels; using AI and other technologies to analyze seafloor habitat data; conducting additional surveys of commercially important species to provide regulators with more data; and collecting data on fisheries discards to improve surfclam management.

In addition to the newly funded research, SCEMFIS also committed additional funding to ongoing Center projects.

The following new research projects were approved for 2025:

Fishery-dependent acoustic data to estimate the biomass of Atlantic mackerel:
Atlantic mackerel is an ecologically and commercially-important species that has exhibited signs of declining biomass in recent years. Fishery quotas have, accordingly, been reduced significantly as part of a stock rebuilding plan. However, reports from the fishery indicate that mackerel biomass may be much higher than official numbers state, based on data from the echosounders used to locate mackerel when fishing. This study, from Dr. Mei Sato of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, assisted by Drs. Anna Mercer and Mike Jech from the Northeast Fisheries Science Center, will partner with two mackerel fishing vessels to conduct acoustic surveys of mackerel schools during fishing trips to better quantify the number of mackerel that are being observed. An existing model, that correlates target strength with the size of mackerel, will be used to convert the acoustic signals into biomass estimates and compare the results with existing survey data. ($48,948 in funding)

Evaluating Discard and Mixed-Catch Protocols for Overlapping Surfclam and Ocean Quahog Stocks:
As surfclam habitats expand into deeper, cooler waters, fishing vessels are increasingly catching ocean quahogs alongside surfclams—yet current regulations prohibit landing both species on the same trip. This new project, led by Dr. Daphne Munroe at Rutgers University, aims to develop and scientifically validate practical methods for measuring discards and mixed catches at sea and in processing plants. By comparing fishing-crew data and volume measurements of sorted catch at processors to independent measurements made by project scientists, the study will determine how accurately the fishery can estimate catches of both species and will refine protocols to ensure reliable, accurate reporting. These validated methods will help prepare the fishery for regulatory changes to allow mixed-species landings, improving both operational efficiency and sustainability. ($81,772 in funding)

Efficiency Enhancement of Clam Dredge Systems:
Led by Dr. Daphne Munroe at Rutgers University, this continuing project builds on prior research supporting improvements in the surfclam fishery’s dredge technology. The newly funded work will gather critical flow-rate and pressure data from an experimental manifold with a slit nozzle, installed on a full-scale dredge. These measurements will validate and refine computational modeling tools previously developed by Dr. Spyros Kinnas (University of Texas at Austin), enabling reliable calculations of key design parameters—including pump size, hose diameter, and manifold type. By optimizing these parameters, fishers can achieve higher jet speeds and flow rates while minimizing required horsepower, helping to reduce fuel costs and associated emissions and improve dredge performance. Data from this study will inform a practical, industry-wide tool for selecting the best dredge configurations under various conditions. ($11,550 in additional funding)

Continuing Development of an Analysis Tool to Study and Improve Clam Dredge Systems:
Building on earlier work to enhance the surfclam fishery’s operational efficiency, this ongoing project led by Dr. Spyros Kinnas at the University of Texas will receive additional support for conducting full-scale simulations of existing and newly proposed dredge manifolds. These simulations will refine computational tools used to design dredge systems, optimizing factors such as water flow and jet speeds while minimizing energy requirements. The added funding builds on previous allocations and will help translate modeling results into practical, cost-effective solutions for the fishery. ($5,488 in additional funding)

Underwater Optical Survey for Benthic Biomass and Sediments Assessment:
One of the largest, mostly untapped sources of information on the seafloor comes from the Habitat Mapping Camera (HabCam) database. HabCam is an optical camera system that has taken extensive seafloor photographs of Georges Bank and the Mid-Atlantic Bight; the HabCam picture database, which includes millions of pictures, has the potential to provide extensive data on the seafloor and the species that live there. This study, from Dr. Yi Hi at William & Mary, will analyze that database using AI tools, specifically an Object Detection, Recognition, and Segmentation (ODRS) model, to identify the species in the database, estimate their biomass, and provide insight into the composition of their habitats. ($30,000 in funding)

Marine Fisheries Internships Pave Way for Future USM Scientists

June 25, 2024 — A collaborative effort between The University of Southern Mississippi (USM) and the Science Center for Marine Fisheries (SCEMFIS) provides significant research opportunities that benefit the Mississippi Gulf Coast’s blue economy. Student internships represent one reward from the impactful partnership.

Molly Spencer and Catherine Wilhelm – USM graduate students in the School of Ocean Science and Engineering (SOSE) – were paired with the National Science Foundation (NSF) Internship Program that prepares the next generation of fisheries scientists in response to climate change, the blue economy, and coastal impacts.

Spencer’s research work with the program focused on the effects of climate-inducing warming on commercial imports such as Atlantic surfclam and ocean quahog in the Mid-Atlantic Bight. Analyzing the effects of increasing temperatures on habitats has sparked her passion for fisheries at the Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC) in Woods Hole, Mass.

“The internship with NEFSC gave me a greater sense of just how important it is for scientists and industry partners to work together,” Spencer said. “Lots of changes are occurring in our oceans right now, and I’m fortunate to have had the opportunity to participate in research that was both scientifically rewarding as well as impactful to the coastal community.”

Read the full article at the University of Southern Mississippi

Community Offshore Wind Joins Science Center for Marine Fisheries

June 25, 2024 — The Science Center for Marine Fisheries (SCEMFIS) has accepted Community Offshore Wind as the latest company to join the center as a member of its Industry Advisory Board (IAB).

Community Offshore Wind, a joint venture of RWE and National Grid Ventures, currently holds the largest offshore wind lease area in the New York Bight. As the project is developed, the venture hopes to balance the needs of existing ocean users and the wind power sector.

Read the full article at North American Wind Power

New Study Confirms Warming Ocean’s Impact on Ocean Quahog

April 24, 2024 — The following was released by the Science Center for Marine Fisheries:

A new study examining the fossil record of ocean quahog, one of the longest-lived species in the ocean, further confirms that climate change is impacting the distribution and growth of shellfish across the Atlantic. Building on previous work examining regional ocean quahog populations, the study, funded by the Science Center for Marine Fisheries, expands our understanding on how shellfish species are reacting to warmer waters and changing habitats.

Ocean quahogs are an extremely long-lived species; some of the oldest ocean quahogs living today are over 200 years old, with some of them having lived long enough to pre-date the Industrial Revolution. Like using a tree’s rings to learn its life cycle, studying ocean quahog shells can tell us both about the growth and history of an ocean quahog, and about past climate conditions. This study, published in Continental Shelf Research, analyzes the historical growth rate of ocean quahogs off the Delmarva peninsula compared to modern populations, identifies the historical distribution of optimal conditions for ocean quahog growth, and how current warming trends are impacting the species.

Specifically, the study looks at ocean quahog growth rates and compares those rates of growth with known climate conditions, such as historic cold periods like the Little Ice Age and a warmer period known as the Medieval Warm Period. It finds that ocean quahogs once were found well inshore of their present distribution when climates were much colder than today, and that during these times they grew as fast or faster than today, helped by a likely combination of optimal temperatures and abundant food supply.

Ocean quahogs today are also growing at a much slower rate in some regions than similar ocean quahogs in the period from 1740-1940, with the evidence indicating that current temperatures in these areas are above the historical, optimal range that encourages ocean quahog growth.

“This study is further confirmation that ocean temperatures are continuing to move away from the conditions where ocean quahog thrive, which has long-term implications for both the species and the fisheries that depend on them,” said Alyssa LeClaire, a Coastal Ecologist at NOAA Fisheries’ Beaufort Lab, the lead author of the study. “This is just the beginning of studying the future of climate impacts on this species, and hopefully further research will continue to explore the relationship between ocean quahog and climate.”

In a related finding, the study also concluded that, as waters begin to warm, the range of ocean quahogs will begin to slowly retract long before a population is completely gone from an area. Because ocean quahogs are so long-lived, this is a slow process, taking a hundred years or more from the first signs of decrease to be completely gone from an area.

Similar to earlier SCEMFIS-funded studies on ocean quahog, this study relies on an extensive dataset of quahog shells, collected in previous surveys, this time from the Delmarva region of the Atlantic. Previous studies funded by the Center have focused on ocean quahog populations off New Jersey, Long Island and Georges Bank. Together, they draw from one of the largest and most representative sample collections of ocean quahog available, an archive that has potential to aid in future climate research.

“Ocean quahog shells have the potential to be a valuable resource in reconstructing historical climate data,” said LeClaire. “Because the species is sensitive to changes in temperature, they can tell us about changes in climate over the decades of a quahog’s life cycle, which can help us in modeling future changes.”

Science Center for Marine Fisheries Approves $198,000 in Research Projects for 2024

February 29, 2024 — The following was released by the S cience Center for Marine Fisheries:

The Science Center for Marine Fisheries (SCEMFIS) has approved 8 new research projects for 2024, allocating $198,000 in applied research funding. These projects will allow the Center to continue its mission to produce innovative shellfish, finfish and wind energy-development data, in cooperation with its industry partners.

The projects will focus on how to best use shellfish hatcheries and new seeding methods to mitigate the potential impacts of offshore wind development; how best to develop standards to improve the sustainability of Gulf menhaden; developing new dredging techniques to better harvest surfclams and ocean quahogs; examining the reasons for variations in Atlantic surfclam size; studying the growth of Atlantic surfclams off the Delmarva peninsula of the US East Coast; and organizing an industry/science summit on longfin squid harvests and ecology, in conjunction with a developing Federal stock assessment.

SCEMFIS is part of the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Industry-University Cooperative Research Centers program, which brings together marine science researchers with members of the fishing and wind energy industries, to identify and fund important fisheries research to reduce uncertainties around the sustainable use of the ocean environment. These projects are the last approved by the Center under its final year of Phase II NSF funding. SCEMFIS was recently reauthorized for NSF’s Phase III funding, which allows the Center to expand its scope and continue its scientific mission for an additional 5 years, with the first funding cycle to begin in April 2024.

The following research projects were approved for 2024:

Hatchery and nursery siting to support Atlantic surfclam stock enhancement – The development of offshore wind farms off the US East Coast is expected to limit access to some Atlantic surfclam fishing grounds, potentially raising costs and reducing overall revenues for the fishery. This study, from Andrew Scheld at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, will examine the best ways to site new surfclam hatcheries in the Mid-Atlantic, to increase the availability of harvestable surfclams, and reduce any potential losses to the Atlantic surfclam fishery. ($19,730 in funding)
Design of a clam seeder for the planting of seed on the ocean floor – With the development of offshore Atlantic wind power, one proposed way to mitigate potential loss of Atlantic surfclam grounds is seeding grounds outside of wind lease areas with surfclams. This study will fund the design of a custom clam seeder to better disperse Atlantic surfclam seed in areas designated for stock enhancement. ($8,250 in funding)
Implementing a harvest control rule for the Gulf Menhaden fishery – As part of its Marine Stewardship Council sustainability certification, the Gulf menhaden fishery is required to have a harvest control rule, which ensures that the fishery is managed in a way that considers the ecological role of Gulf menhaden. This project, from Robert Leaf of the University of Southern Mississippi, will take several steps to ensure the fishery is in compliance with this requirement, including updating management dashboards with up-to-date data on the fishery, conducting simulation testing on potential alternative control rules, and working with regulators and fishery participants on implementing the control rule. ($43,651 in funding)
Why clam maximum size varies: a literature survey – A unique feature of Atlantic surfclams is that their maximum size is variable across regions, a feature that is important to understand for a fishery that harvests based on size limits. This study, from Eric Powell at the University of Southern Mississippi, Daphne Munroe and Sarah Borsetti at Rutgers University, and Roger Mann at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, will review the existing data and studies examining this variation, as well as consider how these differences could be affected by climate change. ($36,157 in funding)
Examination of density-dependent growth in Atlantic surfclam in the Delmarva region – Recently, Atlantic surfclam populations have expanded off the Delmarva area of the Mid-Atlantic. However, the surfclams there are on average smaller, which may be the result of increased density of surfclams in the area. This study, from Sarah Borsetti at Rutgers University, will use assessment reports, surveys, and other primary data to examine southern surfclam growth to determine if surfclam density is impacting growth. ($25,100 in funding)
Design of a dry dredge for collection of Surfclams and Ocean quahogs – Current Atlantic surfclam harvesting methods include the use of dredges, pumps, and hoses that, as a drawback, can blow sand into the meat of the surfclam. As a result, there is demand for a dredge system that does not use high-pressure water. This study will fund the design of a dry dredge to collect surfclams and ocean quahogs without having to use water. ($8,250 in funding)
Efficacy of a Novel Dredge Manifold and Varying Hose Sizes – This project, from Daphne Munroe at Rutgers University, is a continuation of a 2023 SCEMFIS-funded project to develop and test a new design for a dredge manifold for surfclam vessels. The project will test the design, which was developed with industry input, in real fishing scenarios on actual surfclam fishing grounds. ($13,112 in funding)
Develop, host, and report on a 2024 Longfin Inshore Squid Population Ecology and Fishery Summit – This project, from Dr. John Manderson at Open Ocean Research, would develop and host a summit in the spring of 2024 with fishermen and fishery researchers to discuss the upcoming stock assessment for Longfin inshore squid. The summit will bring together experts in the industry, academia, and government to discuss the upcoming research track assessment and other ongoing, collaborative research efforts. The summit will produce a working paper that will be provided to the assessment work group and to the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council. ($44,550 in funding)