Saving Seafood

Kelp Farms and Marine Life Co-Exist in Southeast Alaska

September 25, 2026 — Marine aquaculture, or mariculture, provides economic opportunities for coastal communities in Alaska through farming shellfish and seaweed. NOAA Fisheries continues to support Alaska’s growing aquaculture industry through policy and permitting—providing access to resources and research.

A recent study highlights one of our newest aquaculture research collaborations. Through this partnership between the Alaska Fisheries Science Center and Sea Quester Farms, we investigated whether seaweed farms provide novel habitat for Alaskan marine species. We compared the fish and invertebrate species present within Sea Quester farm sites to similar locations with no farms, and found no major difference. The research provided a better understanding of how kelp farms interact with the environment, which could help inform sustainable management.

“This study responded to a direct need from resource managers and interest from farmers to understand specifically how the presence of kelp farms in Alaska influenced culturally and economically important fish and invertebrate species,” said Jordan Hollarsmith, Ph.D., lead author and macroalgae and mariculture research biologist at the Alaska Fisheries Science Center.

Read the full article at the full article at NOAA Fisheries

Nine Species of Deep-Sea Sponges Discovered in Alaska

September 11, 2026 — Scientists have discovered nine new species of sponges in the Gulf of Alaska and Aleutian Islands. The specimens were collected during the Alaska Fisheries Science Center’s long-standing annual bottom trawl surveys, which monitor the condition of groundfish and shellfish stocks in Alaskan waters. For these sponge studies, researchers analyzed samples gathered during surveys dating back to 2012.

The new species were described across two recent scientific publications: four in one paper and five in the other. These discoveries raise the total number of known sponge species in Alaska to 232. The findings add to a growing body of knowledge about the richness of marine life in Alaskan waters. They also highlight the Aleutian Islands as a global hotspot for sponge biodiversity.

The studies also mapped sponge genetic codes, which contributes to a marine genetic library. This continues to build a robust catalog that enhances NOAA’s ability to detect species and estimate population abundances using non-invasive environmental DNA sampling.

Read the full article at NOAA Fisheries

NOAA Scientists Discover Repeat Spawning in Pacific Capelin

August 12, 2026 — For certain fish species, like Pacific salmon, reproduction is a once-in-a-lifetime event, known as semelparity. Many other fish are iteroparous—meaning they can spawn repeatedly throughout their lives. New research by NOAA’s Alaska Fisheries Science Center reveals the first evidence that Pacific capelin can be repeat spawners.

Over the past decade, the North Pacific Ocean has faced extreme climate variability, including marine heatwaves that severely impacted capelin populations. Understanding capelin’s reproductive flexibility under these fluctuating conditions is crucial for predicting their annual reproductive potential and long-term resilience. Capelin abundance is also an important indicator of the marine ecosystem health.

Examining Reproductive Flexibility in Fluctuating Environments

Historically, the life history, ecology, behavior, and population dynamics of Pacific capelin have not been studied as well as their commercially important counterparts in the Atlantic. In North Pacific and Arctic ecosystems, Pacific capelin serve as a major forage fish and primary food source for Steller sea lions, humpback whales, and other marine mammals. They also are a key subsistence resource and an important food source for commercially important groundfish.

Capelin are short-lived—typically surviving only 1 to 4 years. Their abundance fluctuates wildly in changing environments, leading to multiyear population crashes during marine heatwaves. Recent research highlights that these heatwaves shrink capelin distribution and deplete their energy reserves. Ultimately, these combined stressors leave capelin highly vulnerable to mortality and put the predator populations that rely on them at risk of decline.

In this new experimental study of captive fish, NOAA scientists looked more closely at the spawning potential of Pacific capelin. They researched their life history and how they respond to shifting environments.

Read the full article at NOAA Fisheries

Bering Sea heat wave cited as trigger for nosedive in Yukon River Chinook salmon

July 13, 2026 — The intense marine heat wave conditions that began roiling the Bering Sea in about 2016 resulted in the lowest winter sea ice extent measured in 150 years, widespread bird and marine mammal die-offs, a drastic shift in fish populations and a crash of snow crab stocks.

Now new research is tying the marine heat wave to the recent collapse of Yukon River Chinook salmon.

A study published in April, written by scientists at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Alaska Fisheries Science Center and University of Alaska Fairbanks, showed the correlation between the extreme heat wave conditions and the nosedive in Yukon River Chinook stocks. The heat wave was accompanied by a dramatic increase in deaths of older juvenile and adult Chinook that, had they survived, would have returned from the ocean to freshwater spawning grounds, the study found.

The study was published in the journal Ecological Applications.

The Yukon River’s runs of Chinook, also called king salmon, have been in a long-term decline since their past heyday, when they numbered in the hundreds of thousands and the river was one of the biggest sources of that salmon species.

The sharp downturn in recent years resulted in a 2022 return that was the lowest on record. Widespread fishery closures have been in effect for years along the Yukon River system in both Alaska and Canada.

Read the full article at Alaska Beacon

Scientists tag Pacific cod to track climate shifts in the Bering Sea

June 24, 2026 — NOAA Fisheries scientists have completed a multi-year satellite tagging study of Pacific cod in the Bering Sea, shedding new light on how the species responds to warming ocean conditions and what those movements mean for fisheries management.

The study, launched in 2019 and led by Dr. Susanne McDermott of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center, was prompted by a dramatic northward shift in Pacific cod distribution that began in 2017, when the Bering Sea entered a period of unprecedented warming and sharply reduced sea ice. Pacific cod support Alaska’s second largest groundfish fishery and play a central role in the broader Bering Sea ecosystem.

“There was tremendous anxiety over what’s going on,” said McDermott. “Why are these fish in different places? Is this something that’s changing on a population level? Is this just the same population moving into different areas?”

To find answers, the research team — which also included fisheries biologists Julie Nielsen and Kimberly Rand — deployed pop-up satellite archival tags on cod in both summer and winter. The tags recorded depth, water temperature, light levels, and acceleration at intervals as short as one second, and transmitted that data to the Argos satellite network after detaching from the fish and surfacing. Tags that were physically recovered — returned by fishermen or beachcombers — yielded the full, unabridged dataset.

Read the full article at National Fisherman

Bering Sea survey to track temperature shifts

May 22, 2026 — NOAA Fisheries is preparing to launch its annual eastern Bering Sea bottom trawl survey, with scientists set to begin collecting near real-time temperature data in June as part of one of the longest-running fishery datasets in the region.

Conducted each year by the Alaska Fisheries Science Center, the survey is mandated under the Magnuson-Stevens Act to track the distribution and abundance of fish, crab and other bottom-dwelling species. The data is used to inform stock assessments and ecosystem status reports for the North Pacific Fishery Management Council.

Water temperature remains a key focus of the survey. According to NOAA, “temperature is one of many factors that influences species’ ranges and population sizes,” with warming conditions already linked to shifts in where species are found. Scientists record both bottom and surface temperatures at each station, allowing them to compare environmental conditions with the presence, or absence, of fish and crab.

Read the full article at National Fisherman

AFSC researchers use AI to do more with less

April 21, 2026 —  Scientists at the Alaska Fisheries Science Center (AFSC) in Juneau are increasingly using artificial intelligence to better track fish as climate changes, says Bob Foy, science and research director.

“We’ve been using AI for decades,” Foy said. “It is getting better and better,” he said on Thursday, April 16, while presenting on NOAA-AFSC data collection modernization at 2026 ComFish Alaska in Kodiak, the state’s annual largest fisheries and trade show.

All this is a process of doing more with less, as AFSC works to better monitor fisheries and make abundance surveys better.

“Things are changing in the ocean so fast that now is the time to change the gears, he said. “We are changing survey design.  Some of it is AI and it is getting better,” he said, as AFSC spreads its research efforts over about 100,000 square nautical miles, not including the Arctic.

Read the full article at the National Fisherman

ALASKA: Study supports shore-based observers in Alaska pollock

January 28, 2026 — A recent study by NOAA Fisheries found that shore-based observers can effectively strengthen catch accounting in Alaska’s pollock fishery, offering a viable complement to electronic monitoring systems used at sea.

The Alaska pollock fishery is the largest U.S. fishery by volume and one of the largest in the world, and it sets the standard for accurate accounting and supports sustainable management and regulatory compliance. In addition to tracking pollock landings, managers must closely monitor prohibited species catch, including salmon and halibut.

Traditionally, this work has been carried out by at-sea observers collecting catch data and biological samples aboard vessels. But deploying observers at sea can be expensive and logistically challenging. In response, hybrid monitoring programs-combining electronic monitoring at sea with human observers on shore- are increasingly being explored, especially in low-discard fisheries where most catch is landed.

Researchers from the Alaska Fisheries Science Center evaluated the effectiveness of shore-based observers in the Alaska pollock trawl fishery under a voluntary exempted fishing permit. The study examined whether observers stationed at fish processing plants could meet core monitoring responsibilities, fulfill expanded sampling duties, and verify the accuracy of industry-reported catch data.

Read the full article at the National Fisherman

Alaska Fisheries Science Center presses forward amid budget strains

April 22, 2025 — At a time when science-based decision-making is more critical than ever for the future of Alaska’s fisheries, researchers at NOAA’s Alaska Fisheries Science Center (AFSC) are navigating severe staffing shortages and budget uncertainties heading into 2025.

Despite the setbacks, the Center is doubling down on its mission: delivering the data federal fisheries managers rely on to keep Alaska’s waters productive and its fisheries sustainable.

“A loss of staff and uncertainties about the budget have not changed the importance of our mission,” said Bob Foy, science and research director for AFSC, in a virtual presentation from Juneau during ComFish Alaska, held April 16 in Kodiak, as reported by The Cordova Times.

That mission, Foy emphasized, includes supporting sustainable fisheries, conserving protected resources, and maintaining healthy marine ecosystems across Alaska’s expansive and diverse waters.

Read the full story at National Fisherman

 

Researchers start estimating fish biomass using DNA

November 15, 2024 — Researchers looking to estimate biomass of multiple Alaska fish species say it is now possible to estimate fish biomass for more than one species at the same time using environmental DNA found in sea water.

In a report released by NOAA Fisheries on Oct. 31, Kimberly Ledger – a research biologist with the Auke Bay Laboratories of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center and lead author of the study – said researchers had learned they could accurately quantify species composition and estimate biomass for different species of cod and pollock at the same time using eDNA.

Read the full article at The Cordova Times