January 21, 2026 — Jason Link has been a scientist with NOAA Fisheries for more than 25 years. In 2025, he was honored with the American Fisheries Society’s Award of Excellence, which recognizes outstanding contributions to the aquatic sciences. You can read the first installment here.
In your own words, what is ecosystem-based fisheries management? How does it differ from more traditional single species management?
Ecosystem-based fisheries management, in one word, is about trade-offs. When folks I encounter in my everyday life ask me what I do, I tell them I’m a scientist who studies fish. They say “What do you do with that?” And I tell them about ecosystem-based fisheries management, and how it’s sort of like managing the restaurant supply chain. We model all the people that eat at Burger King, and that has impacts on what people that eat at McDonald’s do, and it has impacts on what people that eat at Taco Bell do. It has impacts all throughout the restaurant chain.
It’s the same in natural resource management: The trade-offs of any one choice we make have trickle-through effects on everything else. And we’ve always kind of known that and had a sense of that, but we’ve never really formally evaluated what those trade-offs would be. And that’s a lot of what I’ve been trying to do.
Why should people–especially those who aren’t fisheries scientists–care about ecosystem-based fisheries management?
I have a lot of family in the Midwest, and they’re familiar with what I do. I’ll say to them, “Hey, you guys are impacting us. Did you know that?” And they don’t know. But the Mississippi River drains into the Gulf. That hypoxic zone in the Gulf comes from farmland. The Midwest is influencing what we’re able to catch. And what we’re able to catch has huge ramifications on regional and local economies.
It also has huge ramifications on what the national seafood market is—what you’re able to get at a supermarket in Iowa or Illinois or Indiana is impacted. And the challenges that you have in the Midwest or the Great Plains, for example, can influence even the Mountain West and Pacific Northwest and some of the salmon there. There’s probably fewer direct impacts, but it’s all still interconnected. The other thing I emphasize is the market economy and how connected fisheries commodities are with the commodities of other foodstuffs we eat. I don’t think people realize that. I didn’t realize it before I started looking into it.