Saving Seafood

$2M Grant to Fishermen’s Alliance Means More Boats Gathering Ocean Data

December 5, 2024 — Strange things have been happening in recent years in the Gulf of Maine, the 36,000 square miles of relatively enclosed ocean stretching from Cape Cod to Nova Scotia. Low-oxygen zones have become annual occurrences, a large brown algae bloom in summer 2023 grew from Maine to northern Massachusetts, and looming over it all is the accelerating warming of surface waters. The Gulf of Maine is warming three times faster than the global average, according to the Maine Climate Council, which is faster than 99 percent of the world’s oceans.

Understanding these phenomena and their effects on fisheries is difficult, said Owen Nichols, Director of Marine Fisheries Research at the Center for Coastal Studies, because of the lack of data available on the ocean water below the surface — at the depths where most fish live.

There is one group of people, however, who regularly put equipment deep in the ocean: fishermen. And many of them are already working with scientists to gather data on the water.

But on Oct. 31, Gov. Healey’s administration announced a nearly $2 million grant to the Chatham-based Cape Cod Commercial Fishermen’s Alliance that will significantly expand fishing vessel-based measurements. The grant is from the quasi-public Mass. Technology Collaborative.

Since 2001, a Northeast Fisheries Science Center project has partnered with local fishermen to try to fix the lack of data about the depths. The project, called eMOLT (Environmental Monitoring on Lobster Traps and Large Trawlers), has so far installed sensors on about 100 fishermen’s gear to gather data on stratification of water temperature, dissolved oxygen levels, and other parameters.

Read the full story at The Provincetown Independent

UAF study links declining salmon to extreme climate, smaller size

December 4, 2024 — A new University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) study published in the scientific journal Global Change Biology, says extreme climate and smaller body size have led to declining Yukon and Kuskokwim Rivers’ King Salmon populations.

Over the last decade, the lower number of certain salmon species making it to rural Alaska villages, along the two tributaries, has led the Alaska Department of Fish and Game to impose catching restrictions.

UAF researcher Erik Schoen said the study began in 2020, and examined 26 different spawning areas across the two river basins.

“Across the board, there were a few big drivers that affected all of these populations. Some of those were out in the ocean. So ocean climate, extreme conditions like really cold winters and really hot summers in the ocean had big negative effects,” Schoen said.

Read the full story at Alaska’s News Source

Biden announces USD 148 million for climate-ready fisheries

December 3, 2024 — The administration of U.S. President Joe Biden has dedicated USD 148 million (EUR 141 million) to improving NOAA’s data collection and analysis to support “climate-ready fisheries.”

The money will be used to modernize the agency’s science enterprise, providing the tools and information necessary to help the nation’s fisheries adapt to rapidly changing marine ecosystems.

Read the full story at SeafoodSource

 

A Warning From a California Marine Heat Wave

December 2, 2024 — They call it “the Blob.”

A decade ago, sea surface temperatures in the Pacific shot up to 11 degrees Fahrenheit hotter than normal. A high pressure system parked over the ocean, and winds that churn cold, nutrient-rich water from the depths to the surface died down. Stagnant, warm water spread across the Northeast Pacific, in a marine heat wave that lasted for three years.

Under the surface, the food web broke down and ecosystems convulsed, at first unseen to humans on shore. But soon, clues washed up.

Dead Cassin’s auklets — small, dark gray seabirds — piled up on West Coast beaches. The auklets were followed by common murres, a slightly bigger black-and-white seabird. The carcasses were knee-deep in places, impossible to miss.

Researchers are still untangling the threads of what happened, and they caution against drawing universal conclusions from a single regional event. But the Blob fundamentally changed many scientists’ understanding of what climate change could do to life in the ocean; 10 years later, the disaster is one of our richest sources of information on what happens to marine life as the temperature rises.

And it is more relevant than ever. Last year, multiple “super-marine heat waves” blanketed parts of the ocean. Averaged together, global sea surface temperatures broke records, often by wide margins, for months in 2023 and 2024. As the climate warms, scientists expect extreme marine heat waves to become more frequent.

The Blob “was a window into what we might see in the future,” said Julia Parrish, a marine ecologist at the University of Washington who runs the Coastal Observation and Seabird Survey Team, a network of volunteers who survey beaches from Northern California to Alaska.

In a study published last year, Dr. Parrish and her colleagues estimate that the Blob eventually killed millions of seabirds, in waves of starvation.

Read the full story at the New York Times

NOAA gets $147M to help create ‘climate-ready fisheries’

November 29, 2024 — The Biden administration will spend an additional $147.5 million to modernize NOAA’s scientific programs aimed at fostering “climate-ready fisheries,” the agency announced Wednesday.

The Inflation Reduction Act funding, delivered in the final weeks of the Biden presidency, comes on top of $1.2 billion NOAA Fisheries received in June 2023 to advance the agency’s knowledge of how climate change is affecting marine life, including commercial and recreational fish stocks and endangered marine mammals like whales.

NOAA Fisheries will use $107.5 million to enhance science and data collection to account for the effects of climate change and improve fish and marine mammal stock assessments, while $40 million will go to the agency’s Climate, Ecosystems and Fisheries Initiative, which seeks to create a “nationwide decision support system” to help fishermen, fisheries managers, coastal communities and ocean-based industries to reduce climate impacts and improve resilience to changing ocean conditions.

Read the full article at E&E News

Scientists at the University of Maine developing new tools to adapt to warming Gulf of Maine

November 25, 2024 — Scientists say the Gulf of Maine is now warming faster than almost anywhere else in the world. What does that mean for the state’s billion-dollar fishing industry?

Researchers at the University of Maine are developing new tools to ensure the sustainability of Maine’s commercial fisheries.

For years, scientists have been tracking how less cold water enters the Gulf of Maine while the hotter Gulf Stream is shifting north and adding warmer water to the region. This is impacting populations of different species, including Atlantic cod.

Read the full article at News Center Maine

RHODE ISLAND: Climate change pushing some marine species out of Narragansett Bay

November 22, 2024 — On an unseasonably warm October day, the John H. Chafee pulled away from the docks of Fort Wetherill to conduct a survey of the marine life that call Narragansett Bay home.

Known as trawl fishing, scientists roll out a large net in the water, drag it along the ocean floor and see what comes up.

Christopher Parkins, the principal biologist of the trawl survey for the R.I. Department of Environmental Management (DEM), said state regulators have been using trawl fishing data since 1979 to decide which marine life can be caught and which need to be protected.

Read the full article at WPRI

Fishermen at the helm of clean energy future for vessels

November 20, 2024 — Commercial fishermen harbor a range of feelings about an eventual phaseout of petroleum-based marine fuels: excitement, skepticism, anxiety, bewilderment, and curiosity, to name a few.

But there are two areas where we broadly agree. First, fishermen must take the lead in designing a low-carbon future for our own fleets by pursuing a range of technology pathways that align with our industry’s operational and regional diversity. Second, we cannot achieve this future without robust and flexible financial support from the government, combined with avoidance of costly top-down mandates. In short, fishermen need the freedom to find solutions and the funding to put them into practice.

Last year, I set out with four colleagues—all of them fishermen or members of fishing families—to canvass fishermen across Alaska, the West Coast, and New England about what those crucial supports could look like and how they can be designed to expand rather than limit the horizons of opportunity for our already-burdened industry.

Our thoughtful and wide-ranging conversations with almost 150 vessel owners probed fishermen’s knowledge and comfort regarding a range of energy efficiency measures and low-carbon fuel alternatives. We also asked fishermen to envision specific ways that existing federal and state programs (like the Diesel Emissions Reduction Act, Rural Energy for America Program, and California’s Carl Moyer program) could be enhanced or complemented by new programs to support a more complete range of options for fishermen seeking to reduce fossil fuel use on their vessels.

Read the full article at the National Fisherman

Breathing in Climate Change: International Collaboration to Study Sea Scallops in a Changing Environment

November 14, 2024 — The following was released by NOAA Fisheries:

In September 2024, my colleague Shannon Meseck and I took a road trip up north to Canada, to visit a research lab in St. Andrews, New Brunswick. The St. Andrews Biological Station is a part of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, the Canadian equivalent to NOAA Fisheries. Though the oldest of Canada’s Atlantic research facilities, the lab features state-of-the-art seawater systems with capacity to do climate and aquatic research.

This project was a transboundary collaboration with climate scientist Helen Gurney-Smith to study climate change stressors on Atlantic sea scallop larvae. It was funded by the NOAA Ocean Acidification Program. The larval period, typically the first 3 weeks of a sea scallop’s life, is particularly challenging for bivalve shellfish because they are planktonic, or free-floating in the water column. During this period, larvae are subject to heavy predation and are transported through ocean currents. The water they are exposed to is constantly changing with environmental conditions, and pulses of warm and/or low pH water are becoming more common with climate change.

One way we can test how larvae respond to changes in environmental conditions is by measuring their respiration rate. As with all animals, sea scallops breathe oxygen and release carbon dioxide. The oxygen they breathe is dissolved in seawater, and we can measure the drop in the oxygen concentration of that water over time with specialized equipment known as respiration chambers. Changes in respiration rate indicate physiological stress. We hypothesized that respiration rate may change when sea scallop larvae are exposed to non-ideal seawater conditions.

Read the full article at NOAA Fisheries